The Barcelona Pavilion is characteristic of the Modern Movement and was designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Lilly Reich as the German national pavilion for the 1929 Barcelona International Exhibition. Louis, built in 1890, and the 16-story Guaranty Building in Buffalo, built in 1894. Although most of his work was done in Chicago, his most famous work is the 10-story Wainwright Building in St. Sullivan's designs also incorporated both geometric shapes and organic elements. Because of this, some refer to Sullivan as the "Father of the Skyscraper" (though others ascribe this title to Jenney). Sullivan was instrumental in creating a new functional design for these new, tall buildings rather than sticking with outmoded traditions. He was only 24 years old when he became a partner in Dankmar Adler's firm in 1881.Īs other architects like Jenney started implementing steel to allow for taller structures, the skyscraper was born. As a young man, he worked briefly in the offices of famed architects Frank Furness and then William Le Baron Jenney. The Great Fire of 1871 in Chicago resulted in a construction boom and afforded architects like Sullivan with work for the decades to come. Similar to Sir Christopher Wren, Sullivan benefited from a great fire.
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Known for the principle of "form follows function," Louis Henry Sullivan was anxious to break free from tradition and became influential in forging a distinctly American architecture. The Guaranty Building in Buffalo, New York, is considered one of the first skyscrapers and one of Louis Henry Sullivan most famous works. One week after it was accepted, however, the Great Fire of London raged through the city, destroying most of it - including the cathedral. In 1666, Wren had completed a design for the dome of St. In the 1660s, he was commissioned to design the Sheldonian Theatre at Oxford and visited Paris to study French and Italian baroque styles. Wren was a professor of astronomy at Oxford who came to architecture though his interest in physics and engineering. As it happened, however, Wren was in the right place at the right time, and he possessed the right talent.
Under normal circumstances, Sir Christopher Wren would probably be known as a great architect, but he might not have gone down in history as among the most famous architects that ever lived.
Sir Christopher Wren was appointed surveyor of royal works in 1669, which led to him designing the Greenwich Hospital, which later became the Royal Naval College (seen here), and the façade of Hampton Court Palace, both in London, among many other government buildings. Thanks to his ingenuity, Imhotep, who was also recognized as a healer, was later deified, worshipped in Memphis and later by the Greeks, who associated him with Asclepius, their god of medicine. Imhotep's design influenced subsequent burial structures, culminating in the later pyramids like Great Pyramid of Giza. While earlier mastabas had been made of clay brick, Imhotep used stone blocks, and the exterior was covered in limestone. To create the Step Pyramid, Imhotep invented new tools and equipment. The result is a 204-foot-tall (62 meters) step structure surrounded by a massive complex that overlooked Memphis, the ancient capital. The world's first pyramid, according to Discovering Egypt, it consisted of multiple mastabas (flat-roofed structures with sloping sides that had been the traditional pharaoh burial structures) one stacked atop the next becoming smaller each time. Imhotep is credited with designing the pharaoh's tomb, the Step Pyramid at Saqqara. Although he was born a commoner, Imhotep rose to become chief architect to Pharaoh Djoser of the Third Dynasty of Egypt and is known as the first architect, among other distinctions. Shanna Baker/Getty Imagesīut before Michaelangelo and Mimar Sinan there was Imhotep, who lived who lived sometime between 2667 B.C.E. The step pyramid at Saqqara, south of Cairo, designed by Imhotep, is Egypt's first pyramid.
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